ISDND.RC(5)               NetBSD File Formats Manual               ISDND.RC(5)

NAME
     isdnd.rc -- isdn4bsd ISDN connection management daemon config file format

DESCRIPTION
     The file /etc/isdn/isdnd.rc contains (if not otherwise specified on the
     command line) the runtime configuration for the isdnd(8) ISDN connection
     management daemon which is part of the isdn4bsd package.

     The configuration file consists of keywords which start in column 1 fol-
     lowed by one or more spaces or tabs, an equal sign, one or more spaces or
     tabs and a keyword dependent parameter value.

     A line beginning with '#' is treated as a comment line.

     For keywords requiring the specification of a boolean value, the truth
     value can be either yes or on while the false value can be either no or
     off.

     The configuration file consists of one system section, one or more
     optional controller sections and one or more entry sections.  In the
     system section parameters regarding the daemon operation or parameters
     not associated with a single remote connection can be set.  In the
     controller section parameters regarding a particular controller can be
     set.  In the entry section(s) parameters directly associated with a sin-
     gle remote connection can be set.

     The following keywords are recognized by isdnd:

     system  This keyword starts the system configuration section.  It must
             not have a parameter and may be used only once.  The keyword is
             mandatory.  The following keywords are valid in the system con-
             figuration section:
             acctall      If this parameter is set to on, accounting informa-
                          tion is written even if the local site was not
                          charged or no charging information is available or
                          is not subscribed.  (optional)
             acctfile     Specifies the name of the accounting file which is
                          used when the keyword useacctfile (see below) is set
                          to on.  See also system keyword rotatesuffix.  If
                          this keyword is omitted the system default is used.
                          (optional)
             aliasing     If this parameter is set to on, alias processing of
                          telephone-number to name is enabled (see also the
                          aliasfile keyword below).  The default is off.
                          (optional)
             aliasfile    Specifies the name of the telephone number-to-name
                          alias database file shared with the isdntel(8) util-
                          ity when alias processing is enabled via the
                          aliasing keyword.  (optional)
             beepconnect  In full-screen mode, if this parameter is set to on,
                          ring the bell when connecting or disconnecting a
                          call.
             extcallattr  If this parameter is set to on, the extended caller
                          attributes "screening indicator" and "presentation
                          indicator" are written to the log-file.  The default
                          is off.  (optional)
             holidayfile  Specifies the name of the holiday file containing
                          the dates of holidays.  This file is used in con-
                          junction with the valid keyword to lookup the dates
                          of holidays.  (optional)
             isdntime     If this parameter is set to on, date/time informa-
                          tion from the exchange (if provided) is written to
                          the log-file.  The default is off.  (optional)
             mailer       This keyword is used to specify the path/name of a
                          mail program which which is able to use the "-s"
                          flag to specify a subject on its command line.  In
                          case of a fatal error exit of isdnd.rc this program
                          is used to send mail to an administrator specified
                          by the keyword mailto.  (optional)
             mailto       This keyword is used to specify the email address of
                          someone to notify in case of a fatal error exit of
                          isdnd.rc.  (See also keyword mailer).  (optional)
             monitor-allowed
                          If this parameter is set to on or yes, monitoring
                          via a local or remote machine is enabled.  This
                          parameter is optional and is set to off by default.
             monitor-port
                          sets the TCP port number for remote monitoring.
                          This integer parameter is optional and is set to
                          port 451 by default.
             monitor      This keyword specifies a local socket name or a host
                          or network for remote monitoring.  The monitor spec-
                          ification may either be:

                          the name of a local (UNIX-domain) socket
                                  this MUST start with a "/", example:
                                  /var/run/isdn-monitor
                          a dotted-quad host specification
                                  example: 192.168.1.2
                          a dotted-quad network address with netmask
                                  example: 192.168.1.0/24
                          a resolvable host name
                                  example: localhost
                          a resolvable network name with netmask
                                  example: up-vision-net/24
             monitor-access
                          This keyword specifies the access rights for a pre-
                          viously used monitor keyword.  The supported access
                          rights are:

                          fullcmd
                          restrictedcmd
                          channelstate
                          logevents
                          callin
                          callout
             ratesfile    Specifies the name of the ratesfile.  If this key-
                          word is omitted the system default is used.
                          (optional)
             regexpr      This keyword is used to specify regular expressions.
                          It can be specified more than once up to a compile
                          time dependent value (currently set to 5 by the
                          MAX_RE definition in the source).

                          All specified regular expressions are compared to
                          the log strings at runtime and if a match is found,
                          a program is run with the log text as a parameter
                          (see also the keyword regprog below).

                          For an explanation how regular expressions are spec-
                          ified, please have a look at re_format(7) and
                          regex(3).  The extended regular expression syntax is
                          supported here.

                          Hint: it might be necessary to properly quote the
                          expression to avoid improper interpretation by the
                          configuration file parser.  (optional)
             regprog      This keyword is used to specify the name of a pro-
                          gram which is run in case a corresponding regular
                          expression is matched by a logging string.  Isdnd
                          expects to find the program below the path /etc/isdn
                          which is prepended to the string specified as a
                          parameter to this keyword.  (optional)
             rotatesuffix
                          Specifies a suffix for renaming the log- and the
                          accounting-filename.  In case rotatesuffix is used
                          and a USR1 signal is sent to isdnd, the log-file and
                          the accounting file is not only closed and reopened
                          but the old log-file is also renamed to the former
                          filename with the rotatesuffix string appended.  If
                          this keyword is omitted, the log-files are just
                          closed and reopened; this is also the default behav-
                          ior.  (optional)
             useacctfile  If this parameter is set to on charging (if avail-
                          able) and accounting information is written to the
                          accounting file.  (optional)
     controller
             This keyword starts the controller configuration section.  It
             must not have a parameter and may be used once for every con-
             troller.  The keyword is optional.  The following keywords are
             valid in a controller configuration section:
             firmware     This keyword is used to specify the path of the
                          firmware file that will be loaded to the card once
                          isdnd is started.  This keyword is useful with
                          active ISDN cards.
             protocol     This keyword is used to set the D-channel protocol
                          for the S0-bus a controller is connected to.  The
                          following parameters are currently supported:

                              dss1        The DSS1 or so-called "Euro-ISDN" D-
                                          channel protocol according to ITU
                                          Recommendations Q.921 and Q.931.
                              d64s        An ISDN leased line with a single B-
                                          channel (called D64S in Germany).
     entry   This keyword starts one configuration entry.  It must not have a
             parameter.  This keyword must be used at least once.  The follow-
             ing keywords are valid in an entry section:
             answerprog     This keyword is used to specify the name of a pro-
                            gram which is run in case an incoming telephone
                            connection specified answer in its configuration
                            entry.  The default name is answer.  Isdnd expects
                            to find this program beneath the path /etc/isdn
                            which is prepended to the string specified as a
                            parameter to this keyword.  (optional)
             alert          is used to specify a time in seconds to wait
                            before accepting a call.  This keyword is only
                            usable for incoming telephone calls (dialin-reac-
                            tion = answer).  It is used to have a chance to
                            accept an incoming call on the phone before the
                            answering machine starts to run.  The minimum
                            value for the alert parameter is 5 seconds and the
                            maximum parameter allowed is 180 seconds.
                            (optional)
             autoupdown     For network interfaces using ISDN as a transport
                            medium it does not make sense to mark the inter-
                            faces UP before running isdnd.  Typically these
                            interfaces are configured, but marked down, in the
                            respective ifconfig.* file.  When starting, isdnd
                            recognizes these interfaces (configured with some
                            address, marked down, and having a matching config
                            entry) and marks them up.  On shutdown, isdnd
                            marks all interfaces changed at startup DOWN
                            again.

                            In rare circumstances you might not want this
                            automatic handling.  In this cases add an
                            autoupdown=no line to the config file entry.
             b1protocol     The B channel layer 1 protocol used for this con-
                            nection.  The keyword is mandatory.  The currently
                            configurable values are:

                            hdlc    HDLC framing.
                            raw     No framing at all (used for telephony).
             budget-calloutperiod
                            is used to specify a time period in seconds.
                            Within this period, the number of calls specified
                            by budget-calloutncalls are allowed to succeed,
                            any further attempt to call out will be blocked
                            for the rest of the time left in the time period.
                            (optional)
             budget-calloutncalls
                            The number of outgoing calls allowed within the
                            time period specified by budget-calloutperiod.
                            (optional)
             budget-calloutsfile
                            A path/filename to which the number of successful
                            callouts are written.  The contents of the file is
                            preserved when it exists during startup of isdnd.
                            The format of this file is: start time, last
                            update time, number of calls.  (optional)
             budget-calloutsfile-rotate
                            If set to on rotate budget-calloutsfile every
                            night when an attempt is made to update the file
                            on a new day.  The statistics for the previous day
                            are written to a file with the filename specified
                            by budget-calloutsfile to which a hyphen and the
                            new day's (!) day of month number is appended.
                            (optional)
             budget-callbackperiod
             budget-callbackncalls
             budget-callbacksfile
             budget-calloutsfile-rotate
                            See budget-calloutperiod, budget-calloutncalls and
                            budget-calloutsfile budget-calloutsfile-rotate
                            above.  These are used to specify the budgets for
                            calling back a remote site.
             callbackwait   The time in seconds to wait between hanging up the
                            call from a remote site and calling back the
                            remote site.  (optional)
             calledbackwait
                            The time in seconds to wait for a remote site
                            calling back the local site after a call from the
                            local site to the remote site has been made.
                            (optional)
             connectprog    specifies a program run every time after a connec-
                            tion is established and address negotiation is
                            complete (i.e.: the connection is usable).  Isdnd
                            expects to find the program below the path
                            /etc/isdn which is prepended to the string speci-
                            fied as a parameter to this keyword.  The programs
                            specified by connect and disconnect will get the
                            following command line arguments: -d (device) -f
                            (flag) [ -a (addr) ] where device is the name of
                            device, e.g. "ippp0", flag will be "up" if connec-
                            tion just got up, or "down" if interface changed
                            to down state and addr the address that got
                            assigned to the interface as a dotted-quad IP
                            address (optional, only if it can be figured out
                            by isdnd).  (optional)
             dialin-reaction
                            Used to specify what to do when an incoming con-
                            nection request is received.  The keyword is
                            mandatory.  The currently supported parameters
                            are:

                                accept      Accept an incoming call.
                                reject      Reject an incoming call.
                                ignore      Ignore an incoming call.
                                answer      Start telephone answering for an
                                            incoming voice call.
                                callback    When a remote site calls, hang up
                                            and call back the remote site.
             dialout-type   This keyword is used to configure what type of
                            dialout mode is used.  The keyword is mandatory.
                            The currently supported parameters are:

                            normal  Normal behavior, call the remote site
                                    which is supposed to accept the call.
                            calledback
                                    Callback behavior, call the remote side
                                    which rejects the call and calls us back.
             dialrandincr   When dialing or re-dialing and this parameter is
                            set to on, the dial retry time is added with a
                            random value (currently 0...3 seconds) to minimize
                            the chance of two sites dialing synchronously so
                            each gets a busy each time it dials because the
                            other side is also dialing.
             dialretries    The number of dialing retries before giving up.
                            Setting this to -1 gives an unlimited number of
                            retries! (optional)
             direction      This keyword is used to configure if incoming and
                            outgoing, incoming-only or outgoing only connec-
                            tions are possible.  The keyword is optional, the
                            default is inout.

                            The currently supported parameters are:

                            inout   Normal behavior, connection establishment
                                    is possible from remote and local.
                            in      Only incoming connections are possible.
                            out     Only outgoing connections are possible.
             disconnectprog
                            specifies a program run every time after a connec-
                            tion was shut down.  Isdnd expects to find the
                            program below the path /etc/isdn which is
                            prepended to the string specified as a parameter
                            to this keyword.  (optional)
             downtries      is used to configure the number of unsuccessful
                            tries (= retry cycles!) before the interface is
                            disabled (for downtime seconds).  (see also the
                            keyword usedown further up).  This keyword is
                            optional.
             downtime       is used to configure the time in seconds an inter-
                            face is disabled after the configured number of
                            downtries.  (see also the keyword usedown further
                            up).  This keyword is optional and is set to 60
                            seconds by default.
             earlyhangup    A (safety) time in seconds which specifies the
                            time to hang up before an expected next charging
                            unit will occur.  (optional)
             idle-algorithm-outgoing
                            The algorithm used to determine when to hang up an
                            outgoing call when the line becomes idle.  The
                            current algorithms are:

                                fix-unit-size
                                            idle algorithm which assumes fixed
                                            sized changing units during the
                                            whole call.
                                var-unit-size
                                            idle algorithm which assumes that
                                            the charging is time based after
                                            the first units time has expired.
             idletime-outgoing
                            The time in seconds an outgoing connection must be
                            idle before hanging up.  An idle timeout of zero
                            disables this functionality.  (optional)
             idletime-incoming
                            The time in seconds an incoming connection must be
                            idle before hanging up.  An idle timeout of zero
                            disables this functionality.  (optional)
             isdncontroller
                            The ISDN controller number to be used for connec-
                            tions for this entry.  (mandatory)
             isdnchannel    The ISDN controller channel number to be used for
                            connections for this entry.  In case a channel is
                            explicitly selected here, the SETUP message will
                            request this channel but mark the request as
                            preferred (the indicated channel is preferred)
                            instead of exclusive (only the indicated channel
                            is acceptable).  Thus the exchange is still free
                            to select another than the requested channel!
                            (mandatory)
             isdntxdel-incoming
                            How long to delay the transmission of the first
                            packet after a successful connection is made for
                            incoming ISDN connections.  The specification unit
                            is 1/100 second.  A zero (0) disables this feature
                            and is the default value.  This feature is imple-
                            mented (and makes sense only) for the irip(4) IP
                            over raw HDLC ISDN driver.  (optional)
             isdntxdel-outgoing
                            How long to delay the transmission of the first
                            packet after a successful connection is made for
                            outgoing ISDN connections.  The specification unit
                            is 1/100 second.  A zero (0) disables this feature
                            and is the default value.  This feature is imple-
                            mented (and makes sense only) for the irip(4) IP
                            over raw HDLC ISDN driver.  (optional)
             local-phone-dialout
                            The local telephone number used when the local
                            site dials out.  When dialing out to a remote
                            site, the number specified here is put into the
                            Calling Party Number Information Element.

                            This keyword is mandatory for the irip user-land
                            interfaces.
             local-phone-incoming
                            The local telephone number used for verifying the
                            destination of incoming calls.  When a remote site
                            dials in, this number is used to verify that it is
                            the local site which the remote site wants to con-
                            nect to.  It is compared with the Called Party
                            Number Information Element got from the telephone
                            exchange.

                            This keyword is mandatory for the irip interfaces.
             name           Defines a symbolic name for this configuration
                            entry.  Its purpose is to use this name in the
                            full-screen display for easy identification of a
                            link to a remote site and for accounting purposes.
                            (mandatory)
             ppp-auth-paranoid
                            If set to no, the remote site is not required to
                            prove its authenticity for connections that are
                            initiated by the local site.  The default is yes
                            and requires the remote site to always authenti-
                            cate.

                            This keyword is only used if ppp-send-auth has
                            been set to pap or chap for an ippp PPP interface.
                            (optional)
             ppp-auth-rechallenge
                            Set to no, if the other side does not support re-
                            challenging for chap.  The default is yes, which
                            causes verification of the remote site's authen-
                            ticity once in a while.

                            This keyword is only used if ppp-expect-auth has
                            been set to chap for an ippp PPP interface.
                            (optional)
             ppp-expect-auth
                            The local site expects the authenticity of the
                            remote site to be proved by the specified method.
                            The supported methods are:

                            none    Do not require the other side to authenti-
                                    cate.  Typical uses are dial-out to an ISP
                                    (many ISPs do not authenticate themselves
                                    to clients) or offering anonymous dial-in
                                    at the local site.
                            chap    The preferred authentication method, which
                                    does not require a password to be sent in
                                    the clear.
                            pap     The unprotected authentication method,
                                    which allows anybody watching the wire to
                                    grab name and password.

                            If ppp-auth-paranoid is set to no (the default is
                            yes) outgoing connections will not require the
                            remote site to authenticate itself.

                            This keyword is only used for the ippp PPP inter-
                            faces.  (optional)
             ppp-expect-name
                            The name that has to be provided by the remote
                            site to prove its authenticity.

                            This keyword is only used if ppp-expect-auth has
                            been set to pap or chap for an ippp PPP interface.
                            (optional)
             ppp-expect-password
                            The secret that has to be provided by the remote
                            site to prove its authenticity.

                            This keyword is only used if ppp-expect-auth has
                            been set to pap or chap for an ippp PPP interface.
                            (optional)
             ppp-send-auth  The authentication method required by the remote
                            site.  The currently supported parameters are:

                            none    The remote site does not expect or support
                                    authentication.
                            chap    The preferred authentication method, which
                                    does not require a password to be sent in
                                    the clear.
                            pap     The unprotected authentication method,
                                    which allows anybody watching the wire to
                                    grab name and password.

                            This keyword is only used for the ippp PPP inter-
                            faces.  (optional)
             ppp-send-name  The authentication name sent to the remote site.

                            This keyword is only used if ppp-send-auth has
                            been set to pap or chap for an ippp PPP interface.
                            (optional)
             ppp-send-password
                            The secret used to prove the local site's authen-
                            ticity to the remote site.

                            This keyword is only used if ppp-send-auth has
                            been set to pap or chap for an ippp PPP interface.
                            (optional)
             ratetype       The rate entry used from the rates file.
                            (optional)
                            For example, ratetype=0 selects lines beginning
                            "ra0" in /etc/isdn/isdnd.rates; (typically ra0
                            lines are a set of tables for local call rates on
                            different days of the week & times per day).
             recoverytime   The time in seconds to wait between dial retries.
                            (optional)
             remdial-handling
                            is used to specify the dialout behavior in case
                            more than one outgoing number is specified.  The
                            currently supported parameters are:

                            first   For every new (non-retry) call setup,
                                    start with the first number.
                            last    For every new (non-retry) call setup,
                                    start with the last number with which a
                                    successful connection was made.
                            next    For every new (non-retry) call setup,
                                    start with the next number which follows
                                    the last one used.
             remote-phone-dialout
                            The remote telephone number used when the local
                            site dials out.  When dialing out to a remote
                            site, the number specified here is put into the
                            Called Party Number Information Element.

                            This keyword is mandatory for the irip interfaces.
                            It may be specified more than once to try to dial
                            to several numbers until one succeeds.
             remote-phone-incoming
                            The remote telephone number used to verify an
                            incoming call.  When a remote site dials in, this
                            number is used to verify that it is the correct
                            remote site which is herewith authorized to con-
                            nect into the local system.  This parameter is
                            compared against the Calling Party Number
                            Information Element got from the telephone
                            exchange.

                            This keyword is mandatory for the irip interfaces.

                            This keyword may have a wildcard parameter '*' to
                            permit anyone dialing in.
             unitlength     The length of a charging unit in seconds.  This is
                            used in conjunction with the idletime to decide
                            when to hang up a connection.  (optional)
             unitlengthsrc  This keyword is used to specify from which source
                            isdnd(8) takes the unitlength for short-hold mode.
                            The currently configurable values are:

                            none    Then unitlength is not specified anywhere.
                            cmdl    Use the unitlength specified on the com-
                                    mand line.
                            conf    Use the unitlength specified in the con-
                                    figuration file with the keyword
                                    unitlength.
                            rate    Use the unitlength from the ratesfile
                                    specified in the configuration file with
                                    the keyword ratetype.
                            aocd    Use a dynamically calculated unitlength in
                                    case AOCD is subscribed on the ISDN line.
                                    (AOCD is an acronym for ``Advice Of Charge
                                    During the call'' which is a service pro-
                                    vided by the telecommunications (ie phone)
                                    provider, to indicate billable units).
             usrdevicename  Specifies the user-land interface which is used
                            for interfacing ISDN B channel data to the user-
                            land.  The keyword is mandatory.  This keyword
                            accepts the following parameters:

                            irip    This parameter configures a raw HDLC IP
                                    over ISDN interface.
                            ippp    This parameter configures a synchronous
                                    PPP over ISDN interface.
                            rbch    This specifies a Raw B Channel access
                                    interface.
                            isdntel
                                    ISDN telephony.
                            ing     configures a ISDN B-channel to NetGraph
                                    interface.
             usrdeviceunit  Specifies the unit number for the device which is
                            specified with usrdevicename.
             usedown        is used to enable the use of the keywords
                            downtries and downtime in the entries section(s).
                            It is used in the isdnd daemon to dynamically
                            enable and disable the IP interfaces to avoid
                            excessive dialing activities in case of transient
                            failures (such as busy lines).  This parameter is
                            optional and is set to off by default.
             valid          Note: this feature is considered experimental!
                            The parameter to this keyword is a string specify-
                            ing a time range within which this entry is valid.
                            The time specification consists of a list of week-
                            days and/or a holiday indicator ( see also the
                            holidayfile keyword in the system section ) sepa-
                            rated by commas followed by an optional daytime
                            range specification in the form hh:mm-hh:mm.  The
                            weekdays are specified as numbers from 0 to 6 and
                            the number 7 for holidays:

                            0       Sunday
                            1       Monday
                            2       Tuesday
                            3       Wednesday
                            4       Thursday
                            5       Friday
                            6       Saturday
                            7       a Holiday

                            The following examples describe the "T-ISDN xxl"
                            tariff of the german Telekom:
                            1,2,3,4,5,6,09:00-18:00
                                    Monday through Saturday, daytime 9:00 to
                                    18:00
                            1,2,3,4,5,6,18:00-9:00
                                    Monday through Saturday, nighttime 18:00
                                    to 9:00
                            0,7     Sunday and on holidays, all 24 hours

                            The use of this keyword is optional.

IDLETIME CALCULATION AND SHORT-HOLD MODE
     incoming calls
             It is assumed that the calling side knows most about charging
             structures and such and as a consequence only the keyword
             idletime-incoming has a function for incoming calls.

             For incoming calls the line is constantly monitored, and in case
             there was not traffic taking place for the time in seconds speci-
             fied by idletime-incoming the call is closed.

             Typically, idletime-incoming is used as a last resort and is
             therefore set much higher than a charging unit time: typical val-
             ues are one to five minutes.
     outgoing calls
             Outgoing call disconnect time can be set up in one of three ways:
             simple mode
                     For simple mode, the idle-algorithm-outgoing must be
                     fix-unit-size and the selected unitlength must be 0
                     (zero) and idletime-outgoing greater zero.

                     The outgoing traffic is constantly monitored, and in case
                     there was not traffic taking place for the time in sec-
                     onds specified by idletime-outgoing the call is closed.

                     Typical values in simple mode are 10 to 30 seconds.
             shorthold mode for fixed unit charging
                     For shorthold mode, the idle-algorithm-outgoing
                      must be fix-unit-size
                      and the selected unitlength and idletime-outgoing must
                     be greater than 0 (zero); earlyhangup must be >= 0
                     (zero).

                     |<unchecked-window>|<checkwindow>|<safetywindow>|
                     |                  |             |              |
                     +------------------+-------------+--------------+
                     |                  |             |              |
                     |                  |<-idle-time->|<earlyhangup->|
                     |<--------------unitlength--------------------->|

                     During the unchecked window which is (unitlength - (idle-
                     time+earlyhangup)) in length, no idle check is done.
                     After the unchecked window has ended, the line is checked
                     for idle-time length if no traffic takes place.  In case
                     there was traffic detected in the check-window, the same
                     procedure is restarted at the beginning of the next unit.
                     In case no traffic was detected during the check-window,
                     the line is closed at the end of the check window.

                     Notice: unitlength must (!) be greater than the sum of
                     idletime-outgoing and earlyhangup!
             shorthold mode for variable unit charging
                     For shorthold mode, the idle-algorithm-outgoing must be
                     var-unit-size and the selected unitlength and
                     idletime-outgoing must be greater than 0 (zero);

                     This shorthold mode is suitable when your calls are
                     billed on the elapse time of the call plus a fixed con-
                     nection charge.  For example British Telecom bill this
                     way.

                     Each call is divided into two periods, the first is the
                     unchecked period and the second is the checked.  The
                     checked period starts 1 second before the first units
                     time expires.

                     During the checked period if there is no traffic for
                     idle-time seconds the call is disconnected.

                     |<---unchecked------------------>|<------checked------>
                     +------------------+-------------+
                     |                  |<-idle-time->|
                     |<--------------unitlength------->|

                     Experience shows that useful values for idle-time are
                     from 15 to 30 seconds.

                     If idle-time is too short an application that is not yet
                     finished with the network will cause a new call to be
                     placed.

FILES
     /etc/isdn/isdnd.rc  The default configuration file for the isdnd ISDN
                         daemon.

SEE ALSO
     regex(3), re_format(7), isdnd(8), isdnmonitor(8)

AUTHORS
     The isdnd(8) daemon and this manual page were written by Hellmuth
     Michaelis <hm@kts.org>.

     Additions to this manual page by
     Barry Scott <barry@scottb.demon.co.uk>.

NetBSD 5.0_STABLE             September 25, 2003             NetBSD 5.0_STABLE
